Dehydration is a common yet serious concern in babies and children, often occurring due to illnesses like diarrhea, vomiting, fever, or inadequate fluid intake. Parents must be aware of the signs, home remedies, and when to seek medical help to prevent complications.

Signs of Dehydration in Babies and Children

Mild to moderate dehydration can usually be managed at home, but severe dehydration requires urgent medical attention. Here’s how parents can identify dehydration:

Mild to Moderate Dehydration

• Dry mouth and tongue

• Reduced urine output (fewer wet diapers in babies, less frequent urination in older children)

• Dark yellow urine

• Increased thirst

• Sunken soft spot (fontanelle) in babies

• Slightly sunken eyes

• Dry skin and lips

• Fatigue or irritability

Severe Dehydration (Danger Signs)

• No urine for 6–8 hours in babies and over 8 hours in older children

• Extreme fussiness or drowsiness

• Sunken eyes and cold hands or feet

• Rapid breathing and heartbeat

• Skin that does not return to normal when pinched

• Excessive sleepiness or unconsciousness

Home Remedies for Dehydration

If your child shows mild dehydration, you can take the following steps at home:

• Oral Rehydration Solution (ORS): The best way to replace lost fluids and electrolytes is by using ORS, available at pharmacies or made at home by mixing 1 liter of boiled and cooled water with 6 teaspoons of sugar and ½ teaspoon of salt.

• Frequent Small Sips: Give small amounts of fluid frequently rather than large amounts at once.

• Breastfeeding: Continue breastfeeding as usual, as breast milk provides hydration and essential nutrients.

• Coconut Water: A natural alternative to replenish fluids and electrolytes.

• Diluted Fruit Juices: Avoid sugary drinks but offer diluted apple juice if the child refuses ORS.

• Soft Foods: If your child is able to eat, offer easily digestible foods like mashed bananas, porridge, or rice water.

When to Seek Medical Help

Parents should seek immediate medical care if:

• The child has severe diarrhea (more than six watery stools in a day)

• Persistent vomiting preventing fluid intake

• High fever that does not subside

• Blood in stool or vomit

• Signs of severe dehydration (lethargy, sunken eyes, dry mouth, no tears when crying)

• The child refuses to drink or is unable to keep fluids down

Conclusion

Timely identification and management of dehydration at home can prevent complications. However, recognizing danger signs and seeking medical help promptly can be life-saving. Stay informed and keep ORS readily available in your home.

Resources :

1. WHO Guidelines on the Management of Diarrhea and Dehydration

2. American Academy of Pediatrics – Signs of Dehydration

3. Indian Academy of Pediatrics – ORS and Home-based Fluid Therapy

4. National Health Portal of India – Child Health and Dehydration Management